Relationship Between the Youth’s Perspectives on Suicide and Their Suicide-Related Experiences
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70922/f7z03n27Keywords:
attitudes on suicide, Filipino youth, suicide, suicide experiences, suicide ideationAbstract
This study sought to determine if there is a relationship between the suicide experiences of the youth (no prior suicide experience, experience of suicide ideation but not attempts, and experience of suicide attempts) and their perspectives on suicide. Undergraduate university students (n=308) were engaged as participants in the study. Data were obtained through a survey questionnaire and were analyzed through correlational tests. Findings showed a very salient divide in the perspectives about suicide between those with no prior suicide experience and those with experience of suicide attempts. The former tend to have very conservative views on suicide to the point that they prefer not to talk about the topic and downplay the prevalence of the phenomenon but nonetheless believe that it is a human duty to stop someone from committing suicide. The latter tend to have very liberal views that lean towards the acceptance of suicide and assisted suicide. These two groups and their diverging views present two possibilities that Philippine society may take. On one hand, suicide may
be downplayed as an issue but may nonetheless have the people with the right conviction necessary for suicide prevention. On the other hand, suicide and assisted suicide may be more accepted in Philippine society such that socio-cultural, legal, and medical impediments to the act may be relaxed. The direction of suicide-related responses, including legislation and regulation/prevention, that Philippine society will eventually take may be dependent on how prevalent suicide attempts will be in the succeeding years.
Downloads
References
Adsuara, M. (2017). An exploratory study of an informal organization dealing with suicide ideation: The case of the Twitter Support Group. University of the Philippines Los Baños.[Unpublished Thesis Manuscript].
Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhl & J. Beckman (Eds.), Action-control: From cognition to behavior (pp. 11-39). Heidelberg, Germany: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69746-3_2
Blumer, H. (1971). Social problems as collective behavior. Social Problems, 18(3): 298-306. https://doi.org/10.2307/799797
Corder, G. W., & Foreman, D. I. (2009). Nonparametric statistics for non-statisticians: A step-by-step approach. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley.
Eskin, M., Voracek, M., Stieger, S., & Altinyazar, V. (2011). A cross-cultural investigation of suicidal behavior and attitudes in Austrian and Turkish medical students. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 46(9), 813–823. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-010-0254-7 Eskin, M., Palova, E., & Krokavcova, M. (2014). Suicidal behavior and attitudes in Slovak and Turkish high school students: A cross-cultural investigation. Archives of suicide research: Official Journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research, 18(1), 58–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2013.803448
Eskin, M., Kujan, O., Voracek, M., Shaheen, A., Carta, M. G., Sun, J. M., Flood, C., Poyrazli, S., Janghorbani, M., Yoshimasu, K., Mechri, A., Khader, Y., Aidoudi, K., Bakhshi, S., Harlak, H., Ahmead, M., Moro, M. F., Nawafleh, H., Phillips, L., Abuderman, A., Tsuno, K. (2016). Cross-national comparisons of attitudes towards suicide and suicidal persons in university students from 12 countries. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 57(6), 554–563. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12318
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Foo, X. Y., Alwi, M. N., Ismail, S. I., Ibrahim, N., & Osman, Z. J. (2014). Religious commitment, attitudes toward suicide, and suicidal behaviors among college students of different ethnic and religious groups in Malaysia. Journal of religion and health, 53(3), 731–746. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-012-9667-9
Francisco, M.L., & S. Cuason. (2017). The association of the frequency of family meals to family members’ suicide ideation and depression scores of Filipino young adults. The Bedan Journal of Psychology, 1: 95-101.
Gregorio, X. (2021). Pandemic year sees 57% rise in suicide rate in Philippines. The Philippine Star. Retrieved February 20, 2022 from https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2021/07/06/2110596/pandemic-yearsees-57-rise-suicide-rate-philippines
Jeon, H. J., Park, J. H., & Shim, E. J. (2013). Permissive attitude toward suicide and future intent in individuals with and without depression: Results from a nationwide survey in Korea. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 201(4), 286–291. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e318288d2c7
King, S. R., Hampton, W. R., Jr, Bernstein, B., & Schichor, A. (1996). College students’ views on suicide. Journal of American college health, 44(6), 283–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.1996.9936856
Lee, S. U., Jeon, M., & Park, J. I. (2019). A comparison of attitudes toward suicide among individuals with and without suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts in South Korea. Crisis, 40(1), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000528 Lee, H., Park, C., Rhee, S. J., Kim, J., Kim, B., Lee, S. S., Ha, K., Baik, C. J., & Ahn, Y. M. (2021a). An integrated model for the relationship between socio-cultural factors, attitudes toward suicide, and intensity of suicidal ideation in Korean, Japanese, and American populations. Journal of affective disorders, 280(Pt A), 203–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.042
Lee, H., Park, C., Rhee, S. J., Kim, B., Lee, S. S., Ha, K., Baik, C. J., & Ahn, Y. M. (2021b). The influence of poverty attribution on attitudes toward suicide and suicidal thought: A cross-national comparison between South Korean, Japanese, and American populations. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 109, 152259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152259
Lie, H., and J.C. Liou. (2012). Suicide behavior among junior high school students in Philippines and Indonesia associated with the social factors. GSTF International Journal of BioSciences, 2(1): 92-97.
Manalastas, E.J. (2013). Sexual orientation and suicide risk in the Philippines: Evidence from a nationally representative sample of young Filipino men. Philippine Journal of Psychology, 46(1): 1-13.
Manalastas, E.J. (2016). Suicide ideation and suicide attempt among young lesbian and bisexual Filipina women: Evidence for disparities in the Philippines. Asian Women, 32(3): 101-120.
Mospan, C., & Gilette, C. (2020). Student pharmacists’ attitudes toward suicide and the perceived role of community pharmacists in suicidal ideation assessment. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 84(5):7588. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7588
Page, R. M., West, J. H., & Hall, P. C. (2011). Psychosocial distress and suicide ideation in Chinese and Philippine adolescents. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 23(5), 774–791.
Quintos, M.A. (2017a). Prevalence of suicide ideation and suicide attempts among the Filipino youth and its relationship with the family unit. Asia-Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 5(2): 11-23.
Quintos, M.A. (2017b). Predictors of suicide ideation among the Filipino youth: Findings from a nationally representative survey of Filipinos aged 15 to 27. Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 6(2): 1-16.
Quintos, M.A. (2018). The relationship between religion and suicide risk among the Filipino youth: A study using a nationally representative sample. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, Arts and Sciences, 5(2): 79-88. Quintos, M.A. (2019a). Suicide ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempts among high school students in the Philippines: Trends and insights from four nationally representative datasets. Journal of Social Health, 2(2): 20-33.
Quintos, M.A. (2019b). Who are knocking on Death’s door?: Predictors of suicide attempt among young Filipino suicide ideators. Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 7(1): 11-24.
Quintos, M.A. (2020a). Prevalence and predictors of planned and impulsive suicides among Filipino students using a nationally representative sample: Highlighting the importance of parental and peer-group factors. Journal of Social Health, 3(1).
Quintos, M.A. (2020b). Identifying the predictors of suicide ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempts among high school students in the Philippines from four nationally representative datasets. Asia-Pacific Journal of Education, Arts and Sciences, 7(2): 1-18.
Quintos, M.A. (2022a). Social construction of suicide in the Philippines based on the perspectives of undergraduate students from two universities in Metro Manila. Social Sciences Development Review, 12(1): 45-67.
Quintos, M.A. (2023). Experiences of suicide ideation and suicude attempts among Filipino students: Prevalence, reasons, and help-seeking behavior. Social Sciences and Development Review, 14:19-44.
Redaniel, M.T., Lebanan-Dalida, M.A., & Gunnell, D. (2011). Suicide in the Philippines: Time trend analysis (1974-2005) and literature review. BMC Public Health, 11:536. Reyes, M.E., Davis, R., David, A.J., Del Rosario, C.J., Dizon, A.P., Fernandez, J.L., & Viquiera, M. (2017). Stigma burden as a predictor of suicidal behavior among lesbians and gays in the Philippines. Suicidology Online, 8(26).
Reyes, M.E., Davis, R., Chua, C.A.P., Olaveria, G., Pamintuan, L.J., Serrano, K., & Tan, J.L. (2020). Relative importance of social support and social connectedness as protective factors of suicidal ideation among selected Filipino late adolescents. Suicidology Online, 11(1).
Ritzer, G. (2010). Sociological Theory (8th ed). McGraw-Hill.
Senf, B., Maiwurm, P., & Fettel, J. (2022). Attitudes and opinions towards suicidality in professionals working with oncology patients: Results from an online survey. Supportive care in cancer: Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 30(2), 1775–1786. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-021-06590-2 Sta. Maria, M., Lee, R., Estanislao, S., Rodriguez, C., Wang, J., & Liu, Y. (2015). A multivariate analysis of suicide ideation among university students in the Philippines. Asia-Pacific Social Science Review, 15(1): 46- 62.
Sun, L., & Zhang, J. (2018). Suicide acceptability and suicide attempt: A case-control study with medically serious suicide attempters aged 15 to 54 years in rural China. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 206(9), 694–698. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000863